基于移动窗口法的城市遥感生态质量评价研究

为进一步提高城市生态监测的精确度，在前人开展的城市生态遥感监测研究的基础上引入“区域尺度”的概念，充分考虑小区域范围内不同地物间的交互作用，并利用移动窗口模型(Moving Window-Remote Sensing Ecology Index, MW-RSEI)对沈阳市浑南区的遥感影像进行逐像元分析。实验结果表明，MW-RSEI模型和生态遥感监测模型（Remote Sensing Ecology Index, RSEI)在整体生态评价趋势上表现出一致性。但MW-RSEI模型对城市生态中的细节区域表征更明显。考虑到建筑及裸地周围植被的影响，其较差生态区域的占比仅为6%，生态评价为优的区域占比为11%。研究区生态评价结果表现得较为连续，并未出现明显的断层现象。该结果具有现实意义且与实际生态分布更为符合。MW-RSEI模型在城市生态监测中更为适用，可为相关部门提供一定的技术参考。     

Influence of fermentation with different lactic acid bacteria and in vitro digestion on the change of phenolic compounds in fermented kiwifruit pulps

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of fermentation and gastrointestinal digestion of three kinds of fermented kiwifruit pulps with different Lactobacillus (Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus casei). The changes in bioactive substances (total phenolic acid, total flavonoid, vitamin C and the viable count), antioxidant capacity (DPPH, ABTS, hydroxyl radical and superoxide anion radical scavenging activity) and phenolic profiles (protocatechuic acid, protocatechualdehyde, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and p-coumaric acid) were detected. The result showed, compared to non-fermented kiwifruit pulp, fermentation with LP and LA had higher content of TPA, TF and V_C, as well as antioxidant capacity. Fermentation with LP and the content of protocatechualdehyde, p-coumaric acid and chlorogenic acid were increased. However, after digestion, LP showed more effect in maintaining the content of antioxidants, antioxidant capacity and the viable count rather than LA. During digestion, the content of protocatechualdehyde and p-coumaric acid was increased in fermented samples compared with non-fermented samples. Overall, compared with LA and LC, LP is more suitable for the fermentation of kiwifruit pulp.     

化脓隐秘杆菌对奶牛脾脏组织细胞凋亡的影响

目的观察化脓隐秘杆菌自然感染奶牛脾脏组织的病理学变化,并检测组织细胞中Caspase-3、Caspase-8、Caspase-9、Bax和Bcl-2的表达,以确定化脓隐秘杆菌感染对奶牛脾脏组织细胞凋亡的影响。方法筛检2头化脓隐秘杆菌阴性健康奶牛(对照)和5头自然感染化脓隐秘杆菌的奶牛,收集脾脏组织样本,采用本课题组国家发明专利方法,进行石蜡制片和HE染色,观察脾脏组织病理学变化;采用免疫组织化学方法与本课题组国家发明专利方法相结合,检测奶牛脾脏组织中与细胞正负凋亡相关的调节基因Bax和Bcl-2及凋亡通路蛋白Caspase-3、Caspase-8和Caspase-9的表达情况。结果肉眼观察可见化脓隐秘杆菌自然感染奶牛脾脏肿大、柔软,有出血;病理组织学观察可见脾脏组织出血,水肿,淋巴细胞数量减少,有坏死;脾脏淋巴细胞Caspase-3、Caspase-9和Bax表达阳性,与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05),少量淋巴细胞Caspase-8和Bcl-2表达阳性,与对照组相比,差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。结论化脓隐秘杆菌能够引起奶牛脾脏淋巴细胞发生坏死和凋亡;可通过调节脾脏中淋巴细胞Bcl-2家族的活性,引起其Bax和Bcl-2比率改变,增加淋巴细胞线粒体内外膜通透性,导致与凋亡相关因子的释放,激活Caspase-9,进一步激活Caspase-3,从而引起脾脏中淋巴细胞发生凋亡。     

Comparison between fluctuation of floating potential gradient and velocity of blob structure on HL-2A tokamak

Several results based on the Langmuir probes' data on the HL-2A tokamak are presented. The blob structures' radial and poloidal drift velocities, estimated by the gradient of floating potential and by time delay evaluation, are compared in different line-averaged density and electron cyclotron resonance heating conditions. A positive correlation is observed in the comparison between blobs' radial velocity estimated by the two methods mentioned above, regardless of the situation differences mentioned above. Correlation is also observed in the comparison between the blobs' poloidal velocity estimated by the two methods in different situations, while a shift due to the different line-averaged density is observed. These results imply that the radial gradient of floating potential may have some value as a reference during data analysis in low-parameter discharge.     

核磁共振波谱法测定臭氧化橄榄油中的活性成分含量

以橄榄油为原料,经臭氧氧化制备臭氧化橄榄油。利用核磁共振(NMR)采集碳谱数据,积分碳谱特征峰,计算橄榄油被氧化成分的相对含量。结果表明:臭氧化橄榄油与橄榄油碳谱有明显的区别,臭氧化橄榄油在δ103.1处出现新峰,对应δ130.1处的峰高减弱,这是由于橄榄油中的不饱和双键被氧化。采用该方法测得5个臭氧化油中活性成分含量分别为21.46%、21.03%、21.31%、18.71%和24.42%。采用核磁共振波谱法测定臭氧化橄榄油的活性成分含量具有操作简单,不需要预处理,结果可靠的优点。     

电动汽车用动力电池振动疲劳测试方法开发

动力电池是当前新能源汽车中的核心零件,其性能,安全,可靠与耐久性直接影响整个车辆安全耐久性能,而电池系统的抗振动冲击特性是产品开发设计过程中需要满足的重要指标.文中着重阐述动力电池振动疲劳的测试验证策略与具体实施指导,为电池系统研发和测试工作提供重要参考.     

基于SMA驱动的连续体手术机器人研究综述

连续体机器人是一种能在工作空间中连续弯曲的机器人,因其能在非结构化和狭窄的环境中灵活运动而得到广泛的关注.形状记忆合金(Shape memory alloy,SMA)材料具有良好的形状记忆效应和超弹性,通过施加不同的温度便能够实现对SMA的形状控制,是作为连续体机器人驱动装置的理想材料.基于SMA驱动的连续体机器人有着结构体积小,控制简便,运动范围广,自由度高,易于避障等优点,十分适用于环境复杂的医疗手术环境之中.对SMA的驱动原理和方式进行了分析,介绍了基于SMA驱动的连续体机器入在医疗手术方面的研究现状及建模方法,最后,对发展趋势进行了展望.